News for Healthier Living

Freshwater Fish in U.S. Carry Introduced Human-Infecting Parasites

A new study by UC San Diego's Scripps Institution of Oceanography reveals a startling finding: More than 90% of popular freshwater game fish in Southern California contained an introduced parasite capable of infecting humans. The NIH-funded study suggests that these parasites pose a previously unrecognized public health risk in the United States.

June 3, 2025

June 14 2025

• Building Strength May Take Less Exercise Than You Think

June 13 2025

• A Father's Gift: Dr. Kurz's Double Duty Healing Patients & Giving the Gift of Life
• Advancing Neuroscience Research with High-Speed, Automated Electrophysiology
• To Understand Alzheimer's Disease, Researchers Turn to Myelin Sheath
• Inside the Simulation Center at Children's Hospital Los Angeles
• FDA Approves Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Drug for Patients with Resectable Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer, Backed by Dana-Farber Research
• Alcohol Use Disorder Harms the Brain's Immune System Earlier in Women
• Alcohol-Linked Liver Deaths Rising in Women and Young Adults
• "The Most Human Gesture" Brings the Gift of a Hand Transplant at Penn Medicine
• More Than 460 CDC Workers Reinstated After Layoffs
• Former MTV Host Ananda Lewis Dies at 52 After Breast Cancer Battle
• Children With Acute Allergic Reactions Often Spend Unnecessary Time in Hospitals
• UH Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute First Site in Ohio to Provide More Accurate and Convenient PET MPI Cardiac Stress Test
• Immunotherapy: A New Target Found
• Lack Of Sleep Alters Teens' Brains, Potentially Promoting Behavior Issues
• Microbiome Linked To Memory Issues, Dementia In Parkinson's Patients
• Childhood Trauma Boosts Endometriosis Risk
• Mild Sleep Apnea More Common Among Female Athletes Than Thought
• 'Forever Chemicals' Linked To Elevated Childhood Blood Pressure
• CT Scans Outperform DNA Stool Tests In Colon Cancer Screening, Study Says
• Toward Precision Wound Care
• SGLT2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin Treatment Stabilizes Kidney Function in Patients Who Have Had a Heart Attack
• Vaccinated Patients Hospitalized with COVID-Linked Acute Kidney Injury Less Likely to Need Dialysis, and More Likely to Survive, After Discharge
• Among New Dads, 64% Take Less Than Two Weeks of Leave After Baby Is Born
• Hemophilia B Gene Therapy Demonstrates Long-Term Success

June 12 2025

• Money Names CSUF's Graduate Nursing Programs Among Nation's Best in 2025
• A Common Heart Failure Treatment Comes with High Risk of Stroke. But a New Discovery Could Make It Safer
• RFK Jr. Installs Critics on Vaccine Recommendation Panel
• This Father's Day: Give Dad The Gift Of Health, Schedule Important Health Screenings
• Defying the Odds: Father's Love Leads to Life-Changing Surgery
• RFK Jr. Hires Autism Skeptic To Look Into CDC Autism Data
• New Antibody Shot Could Help Protect Babies From RSV
• From Basic Research to Clinic: Both Diagnostic and Therapeutic Use of the Microbiota Will Become Reality Within the Next 5-10 Years
• Zicam and Orajel Swabs Recalled for Possible Fungal Contamination
• Knee Injuries: Causes and Symptoms
• Study Highlights Role of Jaundice-Associated Pigment in Protecting Against Malaria
• Turning Back Time on Muscle Stem Cells to Prevent Frailty From Aging
• University Hospitals Orthopedic Physicians Ranked Among the Best in the Nation for Research, According to Avant-Garde Health
• Holiday Heart: The Overindulgences During Festival Season That Put Even Healthy People at Risk
• Smartphone App Can Track Huntington's Disease Symptoms
• Mapping How Nutrients Move Through the Body to Treat Cancer
• Screen Time And Troubled Kids: Is There A Vicious Circle?
• Most People Open To Sharing Smartwatch Health Data With Doctors
• Misconceptions Abound Regarding High Blood Pressure, Poll Finds
• Accelerated Biological Aging Tied To Dementia, Stroke Risk
• Bisexual, Gay and Lesbian Medical Students Less Likely To Finish School
• Study Finds Seniors Are Money Savvy - Until Dementia Sets In
• Smart Contact Lens Keeps an Eye on Your Eyes--Even When They're Closed

June 11 2025

• Why Caffeine Might Hold the Key to Preventing Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
• Eating More Fruits and Veggies Could Help You Sleep Better
• UAlbany Neuroscientist Explores Early Alzheimer's Progression, How Our Internal Clock Affects Learning and Memory
• FDA Approves Polypill Widaplik for Hypertension
• Stroke, Dementia More Common in People with Biomarker of Aging
• Rutgers Health Researchers Challenge FDA Warning on Common Epilepsy Drug
• New Digital Marker Could Improve Childhood Asthma Detection
• Children's Research Institute Scientists Uncover Unique Pathway Tumors Use to Acquire Antioxidant Lipids
• VIDEO AND TRANSCRIPT AVAILABLE: Advances in Ankle Replacement - Virtual Briefing
• FDA Plans to Use AI to Speed Up Drug and Food Safety Reviews
• MD Anderson Research Highlights for June 11, 2025
• Pointing to Success: Marathon Potential Is in Your Hands - Literally
• These Smiling Salamanders Are Helping Scientists Learn to Regrow Limbs
• Midea Recalls 1.7 Million AC Units Over Mold Risk
• Feedback for Surgeons Curbs Excess Opioid Prescriptions Scripts
• A New Look at the Stateville Prison Malaria Experiments
• First-of-Its-Kind Technology Helps Man with ALS 'Speak' in Real Time
• HPV Drives Tumor Development in Rare Nasal Cancers
• American College of Surgeons Accreditation Process Drives Quality Improvement, Study Shows
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease Info Lacking On TikTok
• Biking Might Promote Healthy Brain Aging
• Real-World Results For GLP-1 Drugs Underwhelm, Study Says
• 'Latchkey Incontinence' Treatments Might Include Mindfulness Meditation
• At-Home HPV Testing Boosts Cervical Cancer Screening Rates
• Abortion-Ban States Provide Worse Health Care To Pregnant Women, Study Says
• 12th Annual Insomnia Awareness Night Highlights Chronic Insomnia Symptoms, Treatment
• New ACG Clinical Guidelines on Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis in June Issue of AJG
• New JNCCN Study Showcases how Telehealth Helps Overcome Geographic and Resource Gaps in Cancer Care Globally
• Green Light Activates This Antibiotic Only Where It's Needed
• CRISPR Technologies: Revolutionizing Regenerative Medicine
• Multiphoton Polymerization: A Promising Technology for Precision Medicine
• Pancreatic Cancer Vaccines Eliminate Disease in Preclinical Trials
• Boosting Precision Gene Editing: Autophagy Turns the Tide on DNA Repair
• Improving Maternal Outcomes with Respectful Maternity Care

June 10 2025

• New Study Shows Outstanding Long-Term Outcomes for Zimmer Total Ankle Replacement Using Unique Lateral Approach
• New Treatment for C. Diff. Infection May be Less Effective Than Traditional Therapy, Study Finds
• Teens With Heavy Menstruation Don't Need to Suffer in Silence -- Period
• AMA Passes Resolution Calling for Expanded Access to Anti-Obesity Medications
• Study Shows Sharp Increase in Appendix Cancer for Generation X and Millennials
• Deep Vein Thrombosis - Sidelining Young Athletes
• American College of Surgeons President Beth H. Sutton Inspires Foster School of Medicine with Vision of Collaborative Surgical Excellence
• Fatal School Shootings Have Lasting Impact on Local Economies
• Study Identifies the 'Sweet Spot' for Catch-Up Sleep by Teens on Weekends
• CHLA Infant the Youngest-Ever Liver Transplant Recipient in California
• Two Rutgers Teams Trace Brain Circuits That Tell Us When to Eat - and When to Stop
• FDA Approves Sonu Band for Drug-Free Treatment of Pediatric Nasal Congestion
• Study Reveals Disparities in Mental Health Care for Texas Youth
• Cannabis Use Disorder May Increase Risk For Certain Psychiatric Illnesses
• Cutting-Edge Technology Expands Dictionary of Human Metabolism
• Bioprinted Aorta Shows Promise for Cardiovascular Disease Treatment
• Child Gun Deaths Rose in States With Weaker Laws After U.S. Supreme Court Decision
• RFK Jr. Removes Entire CDC Vaccine Advisory Panel
• BowFlex Recalls 3.8 Million Dumbbells After Injury Reports
• Grassroots Solutions Key to Boosting Health Support for Aussie Bush Kids
• New Study Shows Outstanding Long-Term Outcomes for Zimmer Total Ankle Replacement Using Unique Lateral Approach
• VIDEO AND TRANSCRIPT AVAILABLE: National Cancer Survivors Month Expert Panel
• Healthy Sleep Patterns in Adolescence Predict Better Cardiovascular Health in the Future
• Johns Hopkins Medicine Study Finds Eating 'DASH for Diabetes' Lower-Sodium Diet Can Produce Clinically Meaningful Reduction in Blood Pressure for People with Type 2 Diabetes
• Kids Snooze Soundly In Happy Families
• Racial Disparities Driving Emergency Surgery Costs
• Blood Tests Can Detect Cancer Years Earlier
• Statins Appear Effective In Treating Sepsis
• Yale Researchers Identify New Biomarker Panel to Assess Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease Progression in Children
• Are You Ruining Your Child's Chance To Avoid Food Allergies?
• Advice In Teen TikTok Beauty Videos Can Lead To Skin Damage
• People with COVID-Like Symptoms Took Up to Nine Months Post-Infection to Regain Mental Well-Being
• Less is More: To Build Muscle and Gain Strength, Train Smarter - Not Longer
• All in for Attendance: Education and Public Health Leaders Release Framework to Address Chronic Absence from Schools
• Cleveland Clinic is First to Use Wireless, Catheter-Free Device to Monitor Bladder Dysfunction in Patients
• Cleveland Clinic Research Finds Injectable Medications for Obesity Produce Smaller Weight Loss in A Real-World Setting, Compared to Randomized Clinical Trials

June 9 2025

• UC San Diego Researchers Find Evidence of Accelerated Aging in Children with Multiple Sclerosis
• Patients Are Opting in for 10 Years of Breast Cancer Treatment
• IU School of Medicine Research Helps Lead to FDA Clearance of First Blood Test for Alzheimer's Disease
• New Method of Biofabrication Could Advance Tissue Engineering, Bioprinting
• Smart Microbes Use Pathogenic Tools to Deliver Therapeutics
• Appendix Cancer Incidence Has Quadrupled in Older Millennials
• Experts Debate Management of Patient with Knee Osteoarthritis Interested in Total Knee Joint Arthroplasty
• Study Defines Key Driver of Aggressive Ovarian Cancer
• Ex-White House Doctor Says Biden Should Have Had a Cognitive Test
• Celebrity Diagnoses Underscore Rising Breast Cancer Rates in Young Women
• Salmonella Outbreak Triggers Egg Recall in 9 States
• Texas Woman Dies After Using Tap Water in Sinus Rinse
• Protein Pivotal for B-Cell Cancers Gets a Closer Look
• Orthodontists Testing Innovative Technology for Making 'Shape Memory' Dental Aligners
• Cracking the Spatial Code: A New Chapter in Bone and Muscle Research
• Don't Sweat The Weight — Healthy Eating Helps Your Heart Regardless
• Proper Folding Is Important for a Protein Associated with Seizures
• CPAP Or Zepbound? Patients, Doctors Debate Sleep Apnea Treatment
• Combo Drug Treatment More Effective For Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetics
• AI Can Boost Radiologists' Efficiency Without Sacrificing Accuracy
• Lack of Sleep Disrupts Key Brain Functions in Adolescents
• This Easier-To-Follow Diet Might Help IBS Patients, Study Says
• Fewer People Seeking Treatment For Cannabis Use Disorder
• Engineers Develop Genetic Testing Device to Detect Rare Mutations
• Juju Goes Home!
• Could Electric Fields Supercharge Immune Attack on the Deadliest Form of Brain Cancer?
• Rutgers Health Research Identifies New Trigger Accelerating Antibiotic Resistance

June 8 2025

• A Gene May Influence How Much Cats Purr and Meow
• Mount Sinai Experts Present Research at SLEEP 2025

June 7 2025

• An Expert's Guide to Keeping Middle-Age Spread at Bay

June 6 2025

• Find Peace by Confronting Your Inner Demons--Virtually
• Children Affected by Wildfires Navigate New Disruption: Summer
• New Understanding of Protein Processing Could Have Implications for Alzheimer's and Some Cancers
• First Patient Treated with Federally Approved Lyfgenia(tm) for the Curative Gene Therapy Treatment of Sickle Cell Disease Leaves Joseph M. Sanzari Children's Hospital at Hackensack University Medical
• Research Tip Sheet: AI, Gene Therapy, Heart and Medication Studies
• The Developing Nervous System, Acetaminophen Effects, and More Are in the Spotlight in the June 2025 Issue of ToxSci
• Nurses Speak Out: Fixing Care for Disadvantaged Patients
• Long-Lasting HIV Prevention Shot Headed Toward Approval
• 4 States Ask FDA to Lift Rules on Abortion Pill Mifepristone
• Uncovering How Cells Allocate Space to Make Way for New Growth
• Toothbrush-Shaped Ultrasound Allows for Gum Monitoring
• ESPN's Jay Harris Diagnosed With Prostate Cancer
• Immunotherapy Effective Against Stomach Cancer
• Teenage 'Night Owls' More Likely To Act Impulsively
• Freshwater U.S. Fish Carry Parasitic Flatworm That Can Infect Humans
• There's A Better Clot-Preventing Option Than Aspirin, Researchers Say
• Interrupted Sleep Plagues New Mothers
• Diabetes Drug Effective For Fatty Liver Disease
• Mayo Clinic researchers validate blood test to diagnose Alzheimer's disease in outpatient memory clinics
• How to Talk to Your Child About Cancer in a Loved One

June 5 2025

• Why Some Kids Respond Better to Myopia Lenses? Genes Might Hold the Answer
• Increasing Numbers of US Adults Don't Know They Have Diabetes, High Blood Pressure or High Cholesterol, Study Shows
• Expanded Child Tax Credit Helped Middle-Class Families Pay Energy Bills, but Not the Poorest
• UTSW Scientists Link Another Gene to Obesity
• Organic Ground Beef Sold at Whole Foods May Be Contaminated With E. Coli, USDA Says
• More U.S. Teens Are Now Taking Wegovy for Weight Loss
• RFK Jr. Calls for a Review of Abortion Pill Mifepristone
• Q&A: Advancing Fetal Cardiology Care for Babies and Families
• Weight Stigma Tied To Lingering Depression, Anxiety After Weight-Loss Surgery
• Jail Time Increases A Person's Risk of Death
• Naps Associated With Increased Risk Of Death
• Crisis Pregnancy Centers Draw Fair Share of Younger Women, Study Says
• New Sugar-Based Test Can Suss Out Snake Venoms
• Fido Might Protect Your Baby Against Eczema
• Lower BMI Doesn't Improve Mental Health After Weight-Loss Surgery. Here's What Does
• An Ultrasound Scan of the Baby's Heart at the Onset of Labour Is Useful for Safe Childbirth
• EGFR Inhibitor-Linked Cytokine Storms: Study Uncovers the Trigger
• Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Researchers Show Quality Improvement Initiative in the Emergency Department Improved Family Engagement Around Firearm Safety Resources
• VUMC Icon Mildred Stahlman to Figure in 'Monumental' Exhibit at Nashville's Parthenon
• Cancer Research Institute Publishes Inaugural 2025 Cancer Immunotherapy Insights + Impact Report
• The Price of a Peek: Retinal Damage After the 2024 Solar Eclipse

June 4 2025

• Relationship Insecurity Is the Link Between Poor Sleep and Feelings of Jealousy
• Study Finds Carbon Stable Isotope Values Yield Different Dietary Associations with Added Sugars in Children Compared to Adults
• New Study: Personalized Exercise Boosts Health for People with Neuromuscular Disease
• American Neurological Association Announces Key Plenaries for the Celebratory 150th Annual Meeting September 13-16, 2025, in Baltimore
• Proinflammatory Foods Tied to Higher Risk of Death in Colon Cancer Patients
• Study Uncovers How Biomolecular Condensates Cause Some Kidney Cancers
• Most-Viewed TikTok Videos on Inflammatory Bowel Disease Show Low Quality
• Loss of Y Chromosome Leads to Poor Cancer Outcomes
• Which Mesh is Best? Outcomes for Abdominal Ventral Hernia Repair Patients Projected by New Research Model
• Consuming Less Cysteine Can Burn Fat to Induce Weight Loss
• Would You Hand Over Your Health Data if It Meant Better Care?
• Judge Says Transgender Inmates Must Have Access to Hormone Therapy
• Pepto Bismol May Not Prevent Traveler’s Diarrhea, New Study Finds
• Coffee Could Be Key To Aging Gracefully
• High Insulin Linked To Irregular Periods
• How Do Low-Calorie Diets Affect A Person's Mood?
• A New Pitt Study Has Upended Decades-Old Assumptions About Brain Plasticity
• How Does A Pregnant Woman's Weight Influence Her Child's Infection Risk?
• Preemptive Kidney Transplants Add No Benefit, Study Says
• Troubled Kids Wait a Half-Day — Or More — In ER To Get Mental Health Care
• Tip Sheet: A New Treatment for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer, Discoveries for Small Cell Lung Cancer -- and a State-of-the-Art Learning Lab for Community Education
• 'Eye' on Health: AI Detects Dizziness and Balance Disorders Remotely
• AI-Powered Mammography Yields Major Gains in Cancer Detection and Diagnostic Accuracy, New Study Finds
• Research Grid's Artificial Intelligence Automates a 3-Year Queen Mary Clinical Trial in Seconds
• Does Your Child Suffer from Migraines? Ways You Can Help
• Real-Time 3D Visualization Reveals Potent Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity Against Superbacteria

June 3 2025

• Emergency Surgeries Cost More--and Racial Disparities Are Driving Up the Bill
• Annual Alzheimer's Clinical Trials Pipeline Report Shows Increased Reason for Optimism
• Histotripsy Stimulates the Immune System to Attack Cancer Cells Outside the Liver
• Some Storms Leave Emotional Damage: How to Cope After a Traumatic Weather Disaster
• Five-Year Analysis Shows Immunotherapy Plus Chemotherapy Before Lung Cancer Surgery Significantly Improves Long-Term Survival
• 5 Trends Impacting Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Care
• Moderna's New Lower-Dose COVID-19 Vaccine Approved by FDA
• Evidence-Based Animated Video Series Raises Epilepsy Awareness, Dispels Myths in Eastern Mediterranean Region
• Outdoor Medicine Expert Shares Tips to Reduce Tick Bite Risk
• Researchers Develop Innovative Model To Study Sense of Smell
• Wearing Hearing Aids May Help Delay Dementia, Especially for Those at Higher Risk, UCLA Expert Says
• Bronchiolitis, Monoclonal Antibody Halves Hospitalizations of Children Younger Than Six Months Old
• Parental Engagement Associated with Better Sleep in Pre-Teen Children
• How Late College Students Go to Sleep Is Influenced by the Need to Belong
• Study Identifies Personality Traits Associated with Bedtime Procrastination
• CDC Now Says Americans Traveling Abroad Should Get Measles Shots First
• Study Finds Powerful Sweetener in Vapes Marketed to Teens
• Tiny Baby’s Life-Threatening Wound Healed With Fish Skin
• How Can A Daily Cup Of Beans Improve Your Health?
• Being Incarcerated and Living in Areas Where More Have Gone to Jail Is Associated with Higher Death Rates
• Eating More Phytosterols Could Lower Your Risk of Heart Disease and Diabetes
• Eating More Sweet Food May Not Sway Sweet Preference
• Scientists Propose New Approach for Classifying Processed Foods
• Self-Employment Is Good For Heart Health, Especially For Women
• More Seniors Are Regular Weed Users
• Digital Screening During Primary Care Visits May Lead to Earlier Dementia Detection, Care
• Vape Package Warnings Can Deter Use, But Current Rules Are Lacking
• Breast Cancer Screening In Women's 40s Can Save Lives, Study Says
• Measles Vaccinations Declining Throughout U.S.
• Freshwater Fish in U.S. Carry Introduced Human-Infecting Parasites
• Study Finds Daily Cup of Beans Boosts Heart and Metabolic Health
• International Study: Asthma Drug Could Help to Treat a Rare Neurological Disorder

June 2 2025

• Yale Study: Wearable Intervention for Alcohol Use Risk and Sleep in Young Adults
• Breast Cancer: A New Target to Eliminate Dormant Cells Before They Wake
• Do MicroRNAs Hold the Key to Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Disorders?
• LLNL Researchers Use AI to Look for Potential ALS Treatments
• Mediterranean Diet Provides Symptom Relief for Patients with IBS in Pilot Study
• Advancing Personalized Medicine Through Pharmacogenomics: Insights From Ochsner Health
• Police Spending Linked to Shorter Lives for Black Americans
• Professor Antonio Giordano Appointed to Italy's Highest Public Health Advisory Body
• FDA Approves Tryptyr Eye Drops for Dry Eye Disease
• Border Health Telemedicine Program is a Game Changer for Student Health in Far West Texas Schools
• Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Is Associated with Mortality in Middle-Aged Women
• Cognitive Outcomes Similar After Noncardiac Surgery Whether Perioperative Hypotension- or Hypertension-Avoidance Strategies Employed
• ACP Leaders Warn That Abrupt Changes to COVID-19 Vaccine Recommendations Could Jeopardize Payment Coverage and Place Millions of Americans at Risk
• Circadian Preference Is Associated with Impulsivity in Adolescents
• Comorbid Obesity and Sleep Apnea Treatment Preferences Differ Among Patients and Providers
• ASCO: New Antibody-Drug Conjugate Shows Promising Safety and Response Rates for Patients with Rare Blood Cancer
• Fighting Myeloma with Fiber: Plant-Based Diet Offers Promise
• What Makes Someone Leave a Medicare Advantage Plan?
• FDA Issues Highest Alert Over Tomato Recall in 3 Southern States
• Cucumber-Linked Salmonella Outbreak Sickens Dozens Across 18 States
• Exercise Cuts Colon Cancer Recurrence and Boosts Survival, Study Finds
• Fruit Flies on Cocaine Could Reveal Better Therapies for Addiction
• Researchers Find Early Driver of Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness
• Eating Healthier Can Protect Aging Brain
• Brewed for Longevity: Drinking Coffee Linked with Healthy Aging in Women
• Cancer Treatment 'Brain Drain' Occurring In Rural Areas
• Fluoride Ban Could Create Cavities For 1 Of Every 3 U.S. Kids
• Wildfire Smoke Dents Survival Odds For Lung Cancer Patients
• Can A Vegan Diet Reduce Menopause Symptoms?
• CHLA-Led Behavioral Health Team Receives $6.4 Million Research Grant for Clinical Trial on Combined Treatments for Pediatric Anxiety
• Could Poverty Trigger the Next Pandemic?
• Dads Help Shape Eating Habits of Their Children
• It's Not Too Late to Start Eating Better for Your Brain
• Ticks Are Surging and Spreading Across the U.S. - Here's How to Protect Yourself

June 1 2025

• Immunotherapy Boosts Chemotherapy in Combating Stage 3 Colon Cancer
• Not-So-Tasty: Plastic Particles Found in Food Could Harm the Body
• How Caffeine Affects Your Brain While You Sleep
• For Heart Health, Food Quality Matters More than Cutting Carbs or Fat
• Study Suggests Obesity Contributes to Anxiety and Cognitive Impairment
• Higher Linoleic Acid Levels Linked to Lower Heart Disease and Diabetes Risk
• Dual-Target CAR T Cell Therapy Slows Growth of Aggressive Brain Cancer
• Diet Influences Survival After Stage III Colon Cancer, Dana-Farber Study Finds
• Adding Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor to Standard Chemotherapy Regimen Improves Outcomes in Stage 3 Colon Cancer, Study Finds
• Denver Hospital's Bra Project Prevents Wounds in Women After Sternotomy
• AI Deciphers Plant DNA: Language Models Set to Transform Genomics and Agriculture
• June 2025 Issue of Neurosurgical Focus: "Scoliosis Surgery in Adults"